Important Terms - Chapter 3

chromosomes

zygote

DNA

genes

natural selection

behavior genetics

polygenic

heritability

molecular genetics

nature versus nurture

neuron

glial cells

dendrite

cell body

axon

synaptic knob

synaptic gap

neurotransmitters

synaptic vesicles

receptor sites

synapse

resting potential

action potential

myelin sheath

all-or-none law

excitatory synapses

inhibitory synapses

acetylcholine (ACh)

dopamine

neuropeptides

endorphins

central nervous system (CNS)

sensory neurons

motor neurons

spinal reflexes

interneurons

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

somatic nervous system

autonomic nervous system

parasympathetic system

sympathetic system

endocrine system

hormones

pituitary gland

Broca’s area

Wernicke’s area

aphasia

EEG

single-cell recording

computed tomography (CT) scan

positron emission tomography (PET scan)

magnetic resonance imagining (MRI)

functional MRI

subcortex

hindbrain

brainstem

medulla

pons

cerebellum

midbrain

reticular formation

forebrain

thalamus

limbic system

amygdala

hypothalamus

hippocampus

cerebral cortex

occipital lobe

parietal lobe

frontal lobe

temporal lobe

visual cortex

sensory cortex

motor cortex

prefrontal cortex

auditory cortex

contralateral

corpus callosum

lateralization