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Chapter 2

The Scientific Approach

Science: Definition

Skepticism

Principle of Parsimony

Falsifiability

T.S. Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions

PseudoScience

Pseudoscience

Astrology

Graphology

Graphology's Popularity

Scientific Methods

Naturalistic Observation

Case Studies

Psychological Tests

Types of Psychological Tests

Achievement Versus Aptitude Tests

Reliability and Validity

Standardized Testing

Surveys and Interviews

Surveys

Interviews

Survey Sampling

Push Polls

Experiments

Experimental Design

Variables

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

Extraneous Variable

Control Group

Random Assignment

Experimenter Bias

Single-Blind and Double-Blind Design

Placebo Effect

Reserch Ethics

APA Human Research Guidelines

APA Animal Research Guidelines

Correlation

Correlation

Correlation (tutorial - click the arrows)